Cross Cultural Training Essay

Globalization of business has prompted cross outskirt streams of physical, monetary and HR. It has brought about both countless individuals working abroad, just as an undeniably multi social local workplace. To confront the regularly developing rivalry, associations are extending their organizations, redistributing and in any event, setting up workplaces abroad. Associations are not just looking the world for chances to sell or source yet in addition to discover scholarly capital-the world’s best ability and thoughts. This brings new workers of various cause, language and national culture therefore adding complexities to the way of life of residential associations. Powerful utilization of multifaceted groups can give a wellspring of experience and imaginative intuition to upgrade the serious situation of associations. Be that as it may, social contrasts frequently lead to mistaken assumptions, disappointments, social stun and so forth. These must be handled adequately if the advantages of a various and skilled workforce are to be figured it out. Another unique factor that achieves a social change inside associations is cross fringe acquisitions. Numerous household organizations are entering remote markets and marking merger bargains. Different organizations, for example, the ones in the IT segment have organizations which rely vigorously on outside business sectors. This has required the advancement of capable â€Å"global managers† who might have the option to work in new conditions effectively and will go about as an extension between the parent organization and its auxiliaries. Working successfully in culturally diverse setting is happening essential fitness for hoping for chiefs. Hierarchical examination has demonstrated that multifaceted preparing mitigates or proactively makes preparations for the disappointments, false impressions and culture stun regularly coming about because of culturally diverse associations that lead to poor change and employment execution. (Harris and Kumra 2000). This paper endeavors to characterize the potential wellsprings of multifaceted contrasts and outline a bombed culturally diverse merger through a contextual analysis. It at that point proceeds to feature the diverse difficulties and issues to be considered in planning multifaceted preparing. Targets OF THE STUDY: 1. To comprehend the persuasive components that lead to culturally diverse contrasts. 2. To distinguish the key diverse difficulties. 3. To recognize issues to be thought of while planning diverse preparing. Philosophy: A writing review was directed to contemplate the issue and its different ramifications. Data was assembled from different articles about culturally diverse preparing. A feeling overview was led with respect to enter issues in culturally diverse preparing. A sum of 10 experts from huge worldwide associations both in India and abroad reacted to the overview somewhere in the range of first and 30th November 2009. The reactions were gathered through meetings and telephonic discussions. This was a fundamental report, and the little size of the example implies that authoritative ends can't be drawn, but instead a demonstrative pattern can be watched. Test 1. 10 respondents from 10 distinct organizations reacted to the review. 2. Positions held inside the associations: Senior Management level 3. Associations: Financial Services, Consumer Business, Construction, Manufacturing, Import and Export, Telecoms, Media and Technology 4. Size of Organizations: in excess of 1000 workers Culture is an incredible power which assumes a significant job in how organizations are run and administrative choices are made. Experts in today’s multicultural worldwide business network as often as possible experience social contrasts which can on occasion meddle with the authoritative working. The idea of worldwide joint efforts is with the end goal that experts should know about varying points of view and societies. Working across critical contrasts in culture is an intricate procedure including scholarly and passionate difficulties. It takes learning and presentation to precisely decipher the notions of diverse issues. Affectability to other worldwide perspectives overseeing in an alternate culture and new business condition presents difficulties for the people, their group and the association. To comprehend these difficulties, one should initially comprehend the meaning of culture. Culture can be characterized as, â€Å"A perceptual structure of human exercises that incorporate, practices, values, expressions, convictions, dialects, custom, dress, ceremonies, habits, religion, laws, profound quality, and code of praises. † It essentially alludes to a gathering of individuals with whom we share basic encounters that shape the manner in which we comprehend the world. It incorporates bunches that we are naturally introduced to, for example, sex, race, or national inception. It can likewise incorporate gatherings that we join and become some portion of. For instance, we can secure another culture by moving to another locale and even by an adjustment in our financial status. In an association, culture characterizes, dynamic practices, correspondence styles, working styles and impacts how we act and react in the working scene. Societies contrast particularly in the manners they try to determine all inclusive issues. These distinctions can make impediments to smooth joint efforts. At the point when individuals from various social gatherings assume the test of overseeing universal organizations by cooperating with the worldwide network, social qualities once in a while strife. One can misconstrue another, and respond in manners that can ruin what are in any case promising associations. There are a few structures which have been created in making correlations across societies. One of the most broadly utilized structures in administrative settings, is that of Geert Hofstede. Dr. Geert Hofstede led maybe the most far reaching investigation of how esteems in the working environment are impacted by culture. From 1967 to 1973, while working at IBM as a clinician, he gathered and investigated information from more than 100,000 people from forty nations. From those outcomes, and later augmentations, Hofstede built up a model that distinguishes four essential measurements to separate societies. He later included a fifth measurement, Long-term Orientation. Hofstede’s five social measurements: 1. Force Distance Index (PDI) centers around the level of correspondence, or imbalance, between individuals in the country’s society. A High Power Distance positioning shows that imbalances of influence and riches have been permitted to develop inside the general public. These social orders are bound to follow a standing framework that doesn't permit noteworthy upward portability of its residents. A Low Power Distance positioning demonstrates the general public de-accentuates the contrasts between citizen’s influence and riches. In these social orders correspondence and open door for everybody is pushed. 2. Independence (IDV) centers around the degree the general public fortifies individual or aggregate, accomplishment and relational connections. A High Individualism positioning demonstrates that uniqueness and individual rights are principal inside the general public. People in these social orders may will in general structure a bigger number of looser connections. A Low Individualism positioning encapsulates social orders of a progressively collectivist nature with close ties between people. These societies strengthen more distant families and cooperatives where everybody assumes liability for individual individuals from their gathering. 3. Manliness (MAS) centers around the degree the general public strengthens, or doesn't fortify, the customary manly work good example of male accomplishment, control, and force. A High Masculinity positioning demonstrates the nation encounters a serious extent of sexual orientation separation. In these societies, guys overwhelm a noteworthy segment of the general public and force structure, with females being constrained by male control. A Low Masculinity positioning shows the nation has a low degree of separation and segregation between sexes. In these societies, females are dealt with similarly to guys in all parts of the general public. 4. Vulnerability Avoidance Index (UAI) centers around the degree of resistance for vulnerability and equivocalness inside the general public †I. e. unstructured circumstances. A High Uncertainty Avoidance positioning shows the nation has a low resistance for vulnerability and vagueness. This makes a standard arranged society that organizations laws, rules, guidelines, and controls so as to diminish the measure of vulnerability. A Low Uncertainty Avoidance positioning demonstrates the nation has less worry about equivocalness and vulnerability and has more resistance for an assortment of suppositions. This is reflected in a general public that is less principle arranged, all the more promptly acknowledges change, and faces more and more prominent challenges. Geert Hofstede included the accompanying (fifth) measurement subsequent to directing an extra global examination utilizing a review instrument created with Chinese workers and administrators. That study brought about expansion of the Confucian dynamism. Along these lines, Hofstede depicted that measurement as a culture’s long haul Orientation. 5. Long haul Orientation (LTO) centers around how much the general public grasps, or doesn't grasp, long haul dedication to customary, ground breaking esteems. High Long-Term Orientation positioning shows the nation endorses to the estimations of long haul responsibilities and regard for convention. This is thought to help a solid hard working attitude where long haul rewards are normal because of today’s difficult work. Notwithstanding, business may take more time to create in this general public, especially for a â€Å"outsider†. A Low Long-Term Orientation positioning shows the nation doesn't fortify the idea of long haul, customary direction. In this culture, change can happen all the more quickly as long haul customs and duties don't become obstacles to change. India’s positioning on the five social elements of Hofstede: [pic] India has Power Distance (PDI) as the most elevated Hofstede Dimension for the way of life, with a positioning of 77 contrasted with a world normal

Self Analysis Example Free Essays

Name: Mark Anthony D. MendozaDate: April 20, 2013 Subject: Contemporary Management Theories: Self Analysis Part Ia. Intrigue 1. We will compose a custom article test on Self Analysis Example or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now How would I like to invest my energy? I truly need to invest my energy in doing advantageous things. I work, study and join daring exercises. Above all, I generally discover time to take an interest with our strict exercises like our home to house lecturing share the uplifting news about the realm of God Jehovah. 2. Do I appreciate working with individuals? Truly. I appreciate working with various types of individuals. All things considered, I incline toward working with a gathering instead of working alone. 3. Do I like to work with mechanical things? Indeed. At the point when I was in secondary school we were instructed to do mechanical things like electrical applications, carpentry and investigating apparatuses. During my available time, I generally investigate useless home machines despite the fact that I am not that acceptable at it. 4. Do I appreciate working with information? I do appreciate working with information most particularly if it’s numerical or bookkeeping related. 5. Am I an individual from numerous Organizations? No. At present I am just an individual from certain associations. 6. Do I appreciate physical exercises? I am an extremely dynamic individual getting a charge out of physical exercises. I for the most part mess around like table tennis, badminton and volleyball. I likewise join brave exercises like hiking. At any rate two times per year, we appreciate climbing for all things considered three days in the mountains of Kayapa and Ambaguio. 7. Do I like to peruse? I am not so much that sort of individual who is attached to perusing. It typically relies upon my temperament yet more often than not my maintenance is all things considered two hours. Capacities 1. Am I adroit at examination? I accept that I am not that proficient with respect to expository issues. 2. Am I skilled at working with PCs? Indeed. It is with the guide of the PC subjects coordinated in our educational plan. It is likewise improved by the utilization of PC s at work. I got comfortable with different applications and I was familiar on the best way to work them appropriately. 3. Do I have great verbal and composed relational abilities? I can likewise consider that my composition and talking capacities are acceptable. It is with the assistance of the subjects I educate in class. Through customary class conversation my talking capacities are continuously improved. The many reviews, idea papers, case investigations that I have arranged likewise upgrades my composing capacities. 4. What exceptional gifts do I have? I don't have any extraordinary ability. 5. At which capacities do I want to be increasingly capable? I want to be all the more mentally slanted with magnificent composition and relational abilities. Character 1. What are my acceptable and terrible attributes? A portion of my great are the accompanying. I have feeling of helping the destitute. I likewise know my duties as a kid, sibling and as an individual to other people. I can likewise see myself as chipper. A portion of my unfortunate propensities are the accompanying. At times, I am late going to work. I am likewise lethargic in doing family unit tasks. 2. Am I serious? One of my sayings in life is â€Å"Always do your best†. I generally put forth a valiant effort in all that I do. It might be scholastics, work or whatever it perhaps. 3. Accomplish I cooperate with other people? I can accept that I cooperate with other people. Basing on my current employment the vast majority of my officemates, if not all, as to work with me. I can say that since I am anything but difficult to work with and I am continually rehearsing adaptability. 4. Am I straightforward? I suspect as much. More often than not, I make statements that I know is correct. 5. Am I a pioneer or a supporter? I can be a mix of both however more often than not I am a supporter. I am a standing person. I as a rule follow arranges as long as it is sure and not without wanting to. 6. Accomplish I work rapidly, or am I efficient? I am a quick laborer; I effectively discover ways on the most proficient method to complete things. Basing from the remarks I have earned from my director during my On-the-work preparing, she said that I am an exact and quick laborer. 7. Do I coexist with others? I think I am. I have gathering of companions and I can oblige others without any problem. Once more, basing on the remarks of one of my manager from my assessment, she said that â€Å"everybody in the workplace likes me†. 8. Am I aggressive? Indeed I am. I am extremely driven as in I need to accomplish a great deal of things throughout my life. In any case, I imagine that my desire isn't only an aspiration since all that I dream is went with activity. 9. Accomplish I function admirably autonomously of others? I can likewise function admirably freely. This is genuine when I make my response papers, idea papers and other individual reports. Be that as it may, I am fonder with working with a gathering. Wanted JOB ENVIRONMENT 1. Am I ready to move? Why? Indeed. On the off chance that it is a necessity for the activity to migrate I will be a lot of ready to move. I know myself that I can undoubtedly adjust various types of workplace. All things considered, I am additionally intending to work abroad and that requires movement. 2. Do I have topographical inclination? Why? Truly, I need to work in a spot wherein the atmosphere is acceptable. In the event that I would pick the area it would be some place in Europe. I have an inclination over the geology of where I will work since it may be awkward for me to remain in is a few spots and that makes me ineffective. 3. Would I mind going in my activity? For me going as an aspect of my responsibilities isn't an issue. In reality, I do appreciate going to better places. It would be an expansion to my experience while playing out the assignment given to me. 4. Do I need to work for a huge or broadly realized that firm will generally be fulfilled? I want to work in enormous and known organization. It is for the way that it won't just offer more noteworthy money related assistance however more prominent open doors for professional success. 5. Must my proposition for employment quick advancement openings? Not really. Despite the fact that a large portion of the workers would need to be advanced, I would not think about it as my principle improvement. For whatever length of time that I am content with my activity it would be beneficial for me. Advancement would simply be considered as an extra prize of making the most of my activity. 6. On the off chance that I could structure my own activity, what attributes would it have? I might want that I would be driving the money related parts of the business. I might want to settle on budgetary issues, give investigates the remaining of the business and offer in the dynamic. 7. How significant is high introductory pay for me? For me, high introductory pay isn't that significant in light of the fact that I realize that pay increment goes with understanding and administration. What is significant is I like the activity I will do. Training 1. How have my courses and extracurricular exercises set me up for a particular activity? The courses we had during our undergrad concentrates truly helped us to be set up for whatever vocation way we may go. It is because of these courses that we have been familiar to various occupation situations. With the assistance of the On-the-work preparing, the hypotheses we have learned in school were fortified to make us fit with the activity. 2. Which were my best subjects? My most exceedingly terrible? In the event that I am going to put together it with respect to the rating I earned. I would state my best subjects would be Physical Education since I got a high evaluation. In the event that it depends on learning, I would pick my bookkeeping subjects since I truly took in a great deal. I consider Income tax assessment as my most exceedingly awful subject since I got the least grade among all the subjects I have taken. It was an incongruity on the grounds that the subject is one of the subjects I have instructed. . Is my GPA a decent sign of my scholastic capacity? Why? I do truly accept that my GPA is a real understanding of my scholastic capacity. It is on the grounds that I am persuaded that my GPA truly shows what I did. 4. Do I seek to an advanced education? Prior to starting my activity? It isn't that fundamental for me. I found a new line of work before I was having the option to hold a degree. 5. For what reason did I pick my major? In reality, I don't have a lot of valid justifications why I pick bookkeeping. I have picked the field of bookkeeping since I adored numbers. Individual GOALS 1. What are my present moment and long haul objectives? Why? My current objective is to have the option to breeze through the CPA board assessment. One of my drawn out objectives would be the foundation of my own comfort store and I am the chief. 2. Am I profession situated, or do I have more extensive intrigue? I can say that I have more extensive enthusiasm with respect to the vocation I have picked. I would not simply stick for the way that I am a bookkeeper yet to seek after my objective to turn into a business person. 3. What are my vocation objectives? To begin with, I need to breeze through the CPA board assessment. At that point work with an evaluating organization wherein I can travel locally as well as universally. In the wake of increasing all the aptitude I might want to maintain my own business. 4. What occupations are probably going to assist me with accomplishing my objectives? I think any employments that are identified with my degree would be an expansion to the accomplishment of my objectives. 5. What do I want to do in 5 years? In multi year? Quite a while from now I trust that I would be one of the best bookkeeper and representative of a notable organization. What's more, following five years, I trust that I would deal with my own business. 6. What do I truly desire? Destitution, enduring, disorder and passing. I might want that each individual would appreciate the endowment of life God has given us. EXPERIENCE 1. What past occupations have I held? What were my obligations in each activity? I filled in as an Accounts Receivable Analyst. I set up an investigation of the records of each understudy and make fundamental changes if blunders are made. I was additionally the contact office of Saint Mary’s University. I execute business with various banks and other administrative offices. I get ready premium reports of representatives. 2. What entry level positions or center positions have held? What were my obligations? I have my entry level position at metro bank. I was alloted to process and update the time stores of investors. I have likewise done administrative works like arranging of checks and tallying money. 3. What volunteer positions have I held? What were m

Office Communication Top Ten List Entry #10 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Office Communication Top Ten List â€" Entry #10 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog This is the tenth and final entry in our “Top 10? list for you to consider when communicating with our office and applying. Number 10 Subscribe to this blog! The best way to stay up-to-date regarding matters of admission is to subscribe to this blog.   Yes the SIPA Web site is a great source of information and you should familiarize yourself with it, but for the most part the Web site is static and is rarely updated.   We try to update it as needed, but the blog is much more informative as far as the day-to-day things going on in our office. Over in the right menu there is an empty box with “Subscribe” written below it.   Simply enter your email and each and every time this blog is updated, you will receive an email message letting you know here is new content. Why is it a good idea to subscribe?   Well for one we try to monitor common questions and post answers to the site for mass consumption.   Two, this is your window into the admission cycle.   We will update you on what is going on in our office.   And finally, this is a great way to find out more about what is going on at SIPA and to learn about fellowship opportunities.   You can consider this to be the most interactive Web space concerning matters of admission and financial aid.

Should The United States Increase Foreign Aid - 1959 Words

Should the United States increase foreign aid? This is a topic that has come up many times in the past years. When it comes to politics and the people themselves, this is a very important debate. This goes much deeper than just losing money or helping a fellow country in need. People are in need to better their country and themselves. We are all here together and aiding in one s growth can change lives all around. There are many reasons why the United States should increase foreign aid and why it is important to help the global cause. Wealth Makes Health Sometimes there is a higher power than just how far our dollar bill actually goes. The health of our fellow people should be a priority for every human being on this planet. Many countries just do not have the funds to protect themselves from everyday problems. In many third world countries health concerns can include, starvation, dehydration, and disease. Contaminated water diseases alone account for more than three million deaths each year. We help Africa by helping prevent epidemics such as AIDs and malaria. It is immoral to think that we could even stand back from these situations and let them play out. Food and water aid is single handedly one of the most important aids given to other countries. These foreign aids will in turn help a people rise to establish a better understanding of what is needed to protect themselves. By creating a sense of establishment will help families buildShow MoreRelatedShould The United States Increase Foreign Aid?819 Words   |  4 PagesShould the United States increase foreign aid? This is a topic that has come up many times in the past years. When it comes to politics and the people themselves, this is a very important debate. This goes much deeper than just losing money or helping a fellow country in need. People are in need to better their country and themselves. We are all here together and aiding in one s growth can change lives all around. There are many reasons why the United States should increase foreign aidRead MoreShould the Developed North Increase Aid to the Less Developed South?1510 Words   |  7 PagesShould the Developed North Increase Aid to the Less Developed South? The question at hand is not whether aid from the developed north should be given at all, but whether or not it should be increased to help ease the suffering of the developing countries in the south. Every country, whether rich or poor, should have compassion for the suffering. However, it is not the duty of the developed north to completely take care of every developing country. In the present, there are seriousRead MoreThe Cons of U.S. Foreign Aid Essay1251 Words   |  6 PagesThe Cons of U.S. Foreign Aid As time progresses humankind seeks to better itself. We strive to make life easier, faster, and more efficient. Currently we have telescopes that can see objects light years away, satellites that can track you around the planet, cars that adjust the seat and steering wheel to separate drivers, and computers that fit in your hand and perform a million calculations a second. But not everyone in this world has this technology. In parts of the world there are peopleRead MoreThe First President Of The United States Essay1454 Words   |  6 PagesRevolutionary War, the United States wanted to implant a strong relationship with Britain and also with France. Thomas Jefferson, the third president of the United States, helped settle hostility with Britain and with France. By doing so, he helped to negotiate the Louisiana Purchase, started trading more with other countries, and also made it easier for immigrants to become citizens. What Thomas Jefferson was trying to do was to improve foreign relationships and establish a foreign policy. It isRead MoreGlobal Poverty Essay example1162 Words   |  5 Pagesbecome a crucial fact worldwide and has a great influence on economic development. Foreign aid from wealthy regions has been dedicated to reducing poverty. Before delving into the argument, it is necessary to clarify the term â€Å"western countries† and â€Å"global poverty†. Western countries refer to the most developed countries which have in common a high standard of living for most of the residents, such as the United States, most European countries and Australia. Global poverty in this essay can be definedRead MoreEssay On The Federal Budget1072 Words   |  5 PagesThe United States is on a fiscally unsustainable path with the national debt at $19.8 trillion as of July 2017. 2016 federal spending exceeded revenue by $552 billion and is anticipated exceeding revenue for the foreseeable future creating a strategic challenge to our domestic economy (Deliver, 2017). The 2017 federal debt is at 77 % of gross domestic product (GDP) making it the highest public debt since World War II. The 2018 federal budget estimated impact is the deficit will increase to 79Read MoreDoes The U.s. Have An Obligation Help Poor Countries?1607 Words   |  7 Pagesto help poor countries? Carlos Andrade Ethics 326 – 4:30PM April 24, 2016 Mr. Estrada X___________________________________ The United States does not have an obligation to help poor countries. Many believe that the U.S. has a moral or ethical obligation to assist countries who need it. The United States is viewed as the police of the world, defender of democracy, and body of countries who it chooses to align with. When it is said that the U.S. has an â€Å"ethical obligation†Read MoreThe United States And Public Education1344 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States does not have an obligation to help poor countries. Although the U.S. has a high gross domestic product and strong military, it still hasn’t been able to succeed in other areas. In order to help others, you need to help yourself. Until every aspect of the United States is in order, we should not supply any other countries with help. The United States also has a failing public education system, citizens with food insecurities, and aging infrastructure. Giving aid can do more harmRead MoreAid is not the Way to Development1427 Words   |  6 Pages Trade, not aid, is the key to economic growth in developing countries. To what extent do you agree with this statement? Introduction Most of the developing countries are mired deeply in economical obstacles, which prevent them from development significantly. In order to overcome those embarrassments world’s society struggles to find the efficient solution for poor countries’ economies. Historically, developed countries undertook policy of giving aid to their colonies,Read MoreAdvantages and Disadvantages Giving Aid1521 Words   |  7 Pagesto (Andrew Page, 2005) Foreign Aid or Official Development Assistance (ODA) is a transfer of resources on concessional terms which are undertaken by official agencies. Mostly, the countries that receive foreign aid are usually developing countries. Poverty is the main focus of giving the foreign aid. This situation always happened to many countries due to the conditions where the people live and from that it will show the quality of living is poor among the people. Foreign aid is given to poor countries

A Brief Note On Progressive Tax And Tax - 955 Words

A progressive tax is a tax in which the rate of the tax increases when the taxable amount increases. Progressive taxation is the process in which the tax rates increases form low to high according to the income of the people. United States currently has this type of taxation method. Progressive taxation helps in the income inequality, maintains social justice and furthermore adds more revenue to the government. Tax plays an important role any country. There is no country which can run without the tax. Money that is raised by the taxation is used by government to do the day to day work of the country. The military, social service, officer and the other governmental works run with the help of collected revenue from tax. The developmental works also run with the help of tax. Without taxation, the government cannot run its day to day work. Yes, we should worry about taxes that have a regressive effect on the taxpayer. Regressive tax increases the burden on the on the poor people and redu ces the burden of the high class people. There is an unequal distribution of income in the American society. The differences in the income of the class of the people is increasing. And the market alone cannot determine the income distribution in the society. There is a large gap between the class of the people due to the unequal distribution of the income and wealth. The gap between the rich and poor will increase and more people will come under the line of poverty if there was no attempt ofShow MoreRelatedCharacteristics Of A Good Taxation System1109 Words   |  5 Pagesfinance public education are: -Property tax-local income designated from land ownership. -Personal and Corporate Income tax-personal tax is progressive and based on an annual income. Corporate is based on the profit income of that company. -Sales tax- State produced percentage of retail goods, not including food. 3. What is a circuit breaker? A circuit breaker principle is in place as to not over burden a person with a low income. It creates a cap on the property tax with certain restrictions. 4. ListRead MoreMonetary Equality : The United States And France1713 Words   |  7 Pageshigher income stimulate the economy. Nevertheless, it is important to note the undeniable, vast differences found in the class systems within the United States. Thomas Piketty, a renowned French economist, explained this predicament in the article Marx 2.0, â€Å"the 1% in America right now is still a bit lower than the 1% in prerevolutionary France, but it’s getting close (48).† With good intentions, Piketty’s proposition is too progressive for American standards . According to the executive summary of Piketty’Read MoreThe United States And The American Revolution1707 Words   |  7 Pageshigher income stimulate the economy. Nevertheless, it is important to note the undeniable, vast difference in class systems within the United States. Thomas Piketty, a renowned French economist, explained this predicament in the article Marx 2.0, â€Å"the 1% in America right now is still a bit lower than the 1% in prerevolutionary France, but it’s getting close (48).† With good intentions, Piketty’s proposition is too progressive for American standards . According to the executive summary of Piketty’Read MoreAnalysis Of The Liberal Minority Government791 Words   |  4 Pagestake a look at what Prime Minister Justin Trudeau says his Liberal majority government got done in the first half of 2017. The quotes here are from Trudeau’s statement, released this afternoon as MPs headed home for Parliament’s summer break, and the brief comments provide links to stories, columns and expert analysis: â€Å"Between February and June, I signed agreements with the leaders of Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami, the Assembly of First Nations, and the Mà ©tis National Council, establishing a process to advanceRead MoreEssay about Modern History - Decline and Fall of the Romanov1156 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿MODERN STUDY NOTES: TITLE SUBHEADING NOTES Decline and Fall of the Romanov Dynasty Nicholas II as an Autocrat Nicholas II: Weak and indecisive leader; gentle. Uneducated. Tsar refused to move with times; see changes and reforms. Close relations with Queen Victoria. Manipulated/Heavily influenced by wife Tsarina Alexandra. Austrian princess – granddaughter of Queen Victoria. Pressured Nicholas to preserve autocracy. 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To represent these varying political views, Canada has four official national political parties to choose from: the Liberals (who are currently in power), the Progressive Conservatives, the New Democrats, and the Reform Party. What is particularly interesting is that none of the latter three parties compose Her Majestys Official Opposition in the House of Commons. The Bloc Quebecois, a Quebec separatist partyRead More Arguments Regarding the US Economy from Conservative and Liberal Mindsets6662 Words   |  27 Pagesindividual freedom. Both view governments role as a limited one, to varying degrees. They support majority rule and the due process of law. Both generally support the reforms made in the New Deal, such as social security, income tax, and welfare. (Goshen, Chapter 10 Notes) Republicans tend to be conservative and Democrats tend to be liberal. If you were to summarize the Republican philosophy on the economy, you would see three prevailing points. The party supports minimal government, lowerRead MoreTransfer Pricing20501 Words   |  83 PagesTransfer Pricing in Developing Countries An Introduction Topics 1. Abstract 2. International tax law its sources 3. Brief history of International Tax Law 4. Who gets the pie? 5. Arm s length principle : Cornerstone of International Tax Law 6. Transfer pricing methods 7. Problems with of source taxation of MNE s 8. Internet e-commerce : Achilles heel of current International taxation regime? 9. Formulary Apportionment (FA) 10. Existing uses of Formulary Apportionment systems in the world

Why Do Students Often Drop Out of College Free Essays

STUDENTS DROPPING OUT OF COLLEGE As we know that, the Vietnamese society has changed so much for the past decade, which causes some positive effects as well as negative issues in the education system. Some research has shown that the rate of students dropping out of college has been increased remarkably recently. There are some possible reasons causing this issue, which will be discussed in form of objective and subjective point-of-view in the following part. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Do Students Often Drop Out of College? or any similar topic only for you Order Now First and foremost, from the objective point-of-view, some colleges or universities have their illegal accreditation or license expired after a period of time. Raffles Ho Chi Minh City – College of Design and Commerce, as a particular example, has its bachelor degree programs unaccepted by Ministry of Education and Training in Vietnam at the beginning of 2012, which have caused damage to the students studying at there and the students graduating from there. They had to choose either continue their study in another country such as Singapore or start all over at another college. Moreover, another reason is possibly because a university or college does not have enough facility for supporting the students in during practice of their study. For example, in the biology lab, students need new technology and machines for studies yet the college does not have enough for everyone while it is hard to learn biology just by reading books and looking at pictures. On the other hand, subjectively, students’ interest is changing very often. They may find the current major not fit with their interest, ability and health after studying for awhile because the lessons are too difficult and boring that students cannot handle and do not have the spirit to study. Furthermore, some students prefer finding a job and making money to studying lessons. By earning some money, students can afford what they need and receive job’s and real life’s experience. Therefore, those students may not have enough time to follow and understand all of their lessons when the exams come. After retaking test too many times, students get tired and they may quit. To sum up, the problem which students dropping out of college is one of the toughest problems we have in education, not only in our country but also in others, has both objective and subjective point-of-view causes. There are some reasons come from colleges’ issue or ourselves. We can conduct student surveys regularly in order to learn insight of the students about the programs and facilities so as to solve the problems causing by the universities. In addition, we can give students advice about what they need for their lives, knowledge or money. However, we have to live our lives no matter what we choose, so just try to make the right decisions. How to cite Why Do Students Often Drop Out of College?, Essay examples

Managerial Skills of Toyota-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Management and Managerial Skills of Toyota. Answer: Introduction: Strategic management and plays crucial role in the development of any business organization. In this competitive era, where all the business organization is incorporating best practices to battle against the rival companies and earn the desired target in the society, strategic management and works as strength of the business organization that enhances the competitive advantage of the companies(Hill, Jones, Schilling, 2014). Toyota Motor Corporation is one of the renowned automotive manufacturer that has put a strong impact on the on the car industry by its innovative practices. The journey of Toyota has been started in 1937. The organization covers a huge market share. Toyota has brought revolution in the motor vehicle industry by introducing hybrid electric vehicles. As per the report, Toyota earns 28.40 trillion revenue per year by providing its service worldwide. The organization has not only set an example in front of the world by its profit margin, but it has become a pioneer i n terms of strategic management and (Chiarini Vagnoni, 2015). The organization has adopted a unique style of leadership that has led the organization to achieve the desired position in the local as well as global automotive industry. This innovative management style of Toyota leaders has distinguished it from the other business organization. Toyota is considered as one of the pioneer of strategic management. The leaders of Toyota has left no stone unturned to maintain healthy environment within the organization. They pay close attention to their relation with the stakeholders (toyota-global.com, 2017). The following article has concentrated on the strategic management and managerial skills of Toyota. It has enlightened all the practices of Toyota management that influences the growth of the organization. The objective of the article is to provide a vivid picture of the organizational structure of Toyota. Analysis: Strategic management is considered as one of the key success factors of the business organization. It has been argued that it consists of three major stages that plays crucial role in the growth of any business organization, such as- strategy formulation, strategy implementation and strategy evaluation (Rothaermel, 2015). Strategy formulation is considered as the primary stage of strategic management. In this stage, the management team of the business organization forms suitable strategies for the organization. This stage plays crucial role in the development of the organization. Leaders need to consider all the aspects of the business organization while constructing the organizational strategies (Harrison John, 2013). Otherwise, it may lead the organization towards the wrong direction. Before making any strategy, it is important to analyse the situation of the organization and conduct market research. It will be beneficial to construct a suitable set of norms for the organization that can support organizational growth. The second stage of the strategic management is to implement the formulated strategies within the organizational structure. While implementing strategies, the management of the business organization needs to make sure that all organizational members are aware of the newly constructed strategies and they are willing to adopt these strategies. In order to achieve the goal, the organizational management needs to maintain healthy and interactive relation with all the internal and external stakeholders. They need to provide a transparent idea about the organizational strategy and the objective of the management to incorporate such strategies. It will be helpful for the members to adopt these strategies(Morden, 2016). The last and final stage of the strategic management is to evaluate the consequence to implement these strategies. This stage plays crucial role in the development of the organization as it helps the organizational management to identify the loopholes in the strategy and responsible areas of the management where they need to put more efforts to strengthen their organizational structure. It helps the organizational management to monitor the development of the organization. Management must scrutinize the profit margin, sales rate and market demand of the organization to evaluate the impact of the strategy(Chen, Delmas, Lieberman, 2015). These three key stages lead any business organization to make a strong remark in the industry. Management department of any organization are mainly responsible to perform this role. The success of the business organization is highly relied on the efficiency of the managerial department of the company(Frynas Mellahi, 2015). The competitive nature of the market has been drastically increased since past few years due to arrival of many rival companies. It has become difficult for any business organization to survive in this competitive era. Hence, it is mandatory for the managerial department of the business organization to perform their role in an appropriate manner to stimulate the function of the organization. They need to pay close attention to the requirement of the organization while making the organizational strategy. Strategic management focuses on the holistic growth of the organization (Hubbard, Rice, Galvin, 2014). Thus, it is important for the leaders of business companies to concentrate on the overall organizational structure instead of a specific section. They need to perform versatile role to support the growth of the organization. It has been argued that strategic management is the set of initiative that has been mainly taken by the management of the organization on the behalf of the authority and it provides right direction to the organization (Kotler, Berger, Bickhoff, 2016). Thus, it can be stated that success of strategic management is highly dependent on the effectiveness and strengths of the higher management of the business organization. As opined by Michael Porter, the managerial department needs to focus on three basic principles, such as- creating unique and innovative strategies, managing the quality of the organizational strategy and fit in the market trend by managing the organizational activity (Stead Stead, 2013). These are the key words of success in recent time for any business organization. It is important for the business organization to adopt unique strategies that can distinguish it from the rival companies and helpful to survive in the competition. Thus, managerial department must be aware of these factors while making any strategy to carry out any business venture. As claimed by Porter, business organizations must manage their activities to fit in the market trend. The scenario of the market is transforming day by day. Thus, it is important for the business organizations to design their structure as per the market structure. Otherwise, it may face deadly consequence in coming future (Peppers Rogers, 2016). According to reports, strategic management involves the analysis of the external and internal environment (Jenkins Williamson, 2015). Both environment plays key role in the success of the organization. It is managements responsibility to gather all the relevant information about the external and internal environment of the organization while making the organizational strategy. Otherwise, the organization may face various issues in near future. There are various tools that are used by the organizational management to evaluate the internal and external analysis. It is highly beneficial for the organization to earn the desired position in the industry. Otherwise, the high competitive nature of the market may challenge the existence of the business organization and it may fails to achieve the desired position in the industry (Tallman Koza, 2016). In this scenario, it can be stated that Toyota management has tried to follow all the aspects of strategic management in an appropriate manner. The organization is run by a team of skilled and experienced leaders that preserve quality experience in the respective field. They plays key role in the development of Toyota. They have a clear idea about the organizational objective and they design the organizational structure accordingly. Being a largest producer of the automobile, Toyota has set an expectation level among its consumers. It is important for the management of Toyota to meet the expectation level of the loyal consumers to earn the long-term organizational goal by incorporating efficient strategies. Managerial department stay close to the requirement and preference of the target market and they ensure that the organization and its members are performing in an appropriate manner by adopting the strategies formulated by them. The organizational management always try to incorpor ate some unique strategies within the organizational rulebook that will be helpful to beat the rival business organizations (Smith, 2014). There are some key features of Toyota that reflects the effectiveness of strategic management of the organization, such as- Toyota management always maintains a strong supply chain management. They maintain an interactive relation with all the members of the supply chain. Being a renowned global automobile company, Toyota needs to maintain a huge supply chain, as the management is aware of the fact that it is impossible to provide quality service to the large number of consumers without strong and effective supply chain management. They stay close to their raw material suppliers and distributors and provide them a transparent idea about the requirement and demand of the consumers (Kaynak, Mockler, Dologite, 2014). It is often evident that the management of Toyota takes some innovative initiatives that lead the organization to the next level of success. In 197, Toyota was the first automobile company that has started manufacturing small and fuel-efficient cars which has drawn the attention of the large number of target consumers. As the price of the fuel has been fuelled since past few years, such cars have become the desired cars for the buyers. In recent time, the organization has started producing electric cars that will be beneficial to fight against the global warming and other forms of environmental pollution (Ruff, 2015). The management always maintains healthy environment within the organization. Toyota always maintains a culture and values within the organization. The values and ethics of Toyota are considered as the main resource of the organization that stimulates the growth of the organization. The organizational management of Toyota follows some key principles to run the organization, such as- unique, teamwork, respect. Toyota authority maintains healthy and peaceful environment within the organization to ensure a bright future. Internal stakeholders of the organization are considered as one of the weapon of the organization. Toyota management tries to maintain healthy relation with them to support the growth of their performance, as they are aware of the fact that efficient performance of the employees can brighten up the brand image of the organization (Pisano, 2016). There are some policies that are followed by the higher management of Toyota, such as- management must take decision on the basis of the long-term goal of the organization, problems must be highlighted by the members of the organization and must be resolved on the priority basis, innovative and trustworthy technologies must be adopted by the organization that will support the growth of employees performance, management must focus on all the aspects of the organization while making any decision and must consider the organizational goal, workers must be able to take up new challenges, as it will be helpful for their performance development (Percy Elliott, 2016). Toyota is known for its lean management where employees are influenced and motivated to bring changes in the system of the organization. They take active part in the organizational decision-making process and they are being empowered to lead the organization to the leading position(Melander, et al., 2016). Toyota has adopted some innovative policies to maintain healthy relation with the employees. Being one of the leading business organization, Toyota possesses a large workforce with 25000 employees. Although, it is not possible for the employers to address each of their employees every time, they have made some innovative policies to provide support to their employees. Toyota always stands by the side of their employees when they require the support of their employers. They have included some flexible and transparent strategies that can be helpful for the employees. It helps the organization to retain their employee for a long period of time and it puts a great impact on the organizational performance. This is one of the major reasons for the success of the organization (Schmidt Farkas, 2016). As per the previous discussion, it can be stated that all the theoretical concepts discussed previously are incorporated in the organizational structure. These concepts have greatly influenced the managerial skills of the Toyota management. The management has followed three crucial stages of the strategic management. They often conduct market research and environmental analysis while constructing organizational strategy. It provides a vivid idea to them about the condition of the market and highlights the areas where they need to put extra effort to strengthen the organizational structure. By analysing the situation, management implement some innovative strategies that can influence organizational function, such as- lean management, electric cars and so on. While making these strategies the management always encourage their external and internal stakeholders to participate in the organizational decision making process. It motivates their stakeholders to adopt the organizational strat egies and policies in an appropriate manner and work as a team to earn the desired position in the society. It is the primary reason for the success of Toyota. By such innovative and unique practices, the organization has secured the highest position in the automotive industry (Chowdhury, 2014). Recommendations: Although, the management of Toyota has left no stone unturned to provide quality service to the consumers and enlighten the brand image of the organization, there are some loopholes in the organizational structure of Toyota that can be harmful for the reputation of the organization and may restrict the growth. It has been evident in recent time, that the organization has faced various challenges due to the lack of efficiency of the crisis management team of the organization (Yan, Choi, Kim, Yang, 2015). Being a leading name in the business world, Toyota needs to pay close attention to the performance of the crisis management team. It is the responsibility off the higher management of the Toyota to make sure that all the members of Crisis management is performing appropriately and providing adequate support to the organization. The crisis management team must be alert 24*7 to save the organization and its reputation from any kind of crisis. The organizational management must appoint some experienced and efficient members who can serve the organization with their quality performance. They must be aware of their role and responsibility towards the organization and they must be committed to their job. Otherwise, they will not be able to provide sufficient support to their organization. In recent time, it has been evident, that the production of the car has faced several challenges in Toyota. The motor of Toyota has recently failed in the test, which leads the organization to face a massive crisis recently. Thus, the organization must recruit some experienced and skilled engineers who can boost up the manufacturing process of the organization. Engineers who preserve quality experience in the field can save the organization to face such disasters. As per the report, in many cases the organizational management of Toyota refuses to take responsibility and blame their internal stakeholders (Lu, Au, Peng, Xu, 2013). Such practices must be avoided. The organizational management must be aware of the fact that it is important to maintain the trust of the internal and external stakeholders. They must take the responsibility when required. The organizational management of Toyota must invest heavily to rectify their loopholes on an immediate basis. Otherwise, it can be harmful for the growth of the organization. Problems need to be resolved as early as possible. They must appoint skilled employees and adopt efficient techniques to avoid any problems that will be harmful for the growth of the organization. The organizational management need to maintain healthy relation with the suppliers. They must use modern communication tools to maintain regular interaction with the suppliers and distributors. It will be helpful for the organization to provide clear idea about the requirement and preference of the consumers. At the same time, it will help the organization to provide uninterrupted service to the consumers and survive in the competition. Leaders of Toyota must be aware of their role and responsibility towards the organization. They must play their role in an appropriate manner. It is their responsibility to look after all the aspects of the organization and resolve all the issues that can destroy the reputation among the target market of Toyota. It is often evident that organization is facing several challenges due to the negligence of the leaders of the organization. Thus, leaders must be committed towards their role and responsibility and they must be aware of the organizational objective and vision mission while making any strategies for the growth of the organization. Conclusion: As per the previous discussion, it can be stated that Toyota has set an example for other business organization by following the path of the strategic management. They follow all the relevant concept of the organizational strategic management. The managerial department of the organization maintains conduct various market researches to design their organizational structure. They analyse their external and internal environment to make sure that the strategies have been adopted by the management are suitable to support the growth of the organization. The leaders of Toyota follow the three crucial stages while constructing organizational strategy. Therefore, they follow the path of innovation while making any strategy. Such practices are considered as the key success factor of the organization. It has led the organization to adopt innovative initiatives, such as lean management, innovation of modern and efficient products and so on. Due to such efficient managerial skills of the leaders , the organization has brought revolutionary changes in the world of automobile and successfully carried out many unique business ventures. Although, the organizational structure of Toyota has been designed in a unique manner, there are some loopholes that can be harmful for the reputation of the organization, such as- lack of sense of responsibility among the leaders, lack of efficiency among the crisis management team, lack of skilled and experienced engineers, lack of investment to rectify the mistakes and lack of efficiency among the employees and so on. These factors have become one of the major concerned of Toyota authority. Thus, the organizational management must consider the facts while designing their organizational structure in order to earn the desired position in the industry. In this competitive era, it is essential for the management of the organization to enhance its competitive advantage by adopting such practices. Otherwise, it will be difficult for them to survive References: Chen, C. M., Delmas, M. A., Lieberman, M. B. (2015). Production frontier methodologies and efficiency as a performance measure in strategic management research.Strategic Management Journal,36(1), 19-36. Chiarini, A., Vagnoni, E. (2015). World-class manufacturing by Fiat. Comparison with Toyota production system from a strategic management, management accounting, operations management and performance measurement dimension.International Journal of Production Research,53(2), 590-606. Chowdhury, S. D. (2014). Strategic roads that diverge or converge: GM and Toyota in the battle for the top.Business Horizons,57(1), 127-136. Frynas, J. G., Mellahi, K. (2015).Global strategic management. Oxford University Press, USA. Harrison, J. S., John, C. H. S. (2013).Foundations in strategic management. Cengage Learning. Hill, C. W., Jones, G. R., Schilling, M. A. (2014).Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning. Hubbard, G., Rice, J., Galvin, P. (2014).Strategic management. Pearson Australia. Jenkins, W., Williamson, D. (2015).Strategic management and business analysis. Routledge. Kaynak, E., Mockler, R., Dologite, D. G. (2014).Multinational strategic management: an integrative entrepreneurial context-specific process. Routledge. Kotler, P., Berger, R., Bickhoff, N. (2016).The quintessence of strategic management: What you really need to know to survive in business. Springer. Lu, Y., Au, K., Peng, M. W., Xu, E. (2013). Strategic management in private and family businesses. Melander, A., Melander, A., Lfving, M., Lfving, M., Andersson, D., Andersson, D., ... Thulin, M. (2016). Introducing the Hoshin Kanri strategic management system in manufacturing SMEs.Management Decision,54(10), 2507-2523. Morden, T. (2016).Principles of strategic management. Routledge. Peppers, D., Rogers, M. (2016).Managing Customer Experience and Relationships: A Strategic Framework. John Wiley Sons. Percy, L., Elliott, R. H. (2016).Strategic advertising management. Oxford University Press. Pisano, G. P. (2016). Towards a Prescriptive Theory of Dynamic Capabilities: Connecting Strategic Choice, Learning, and Competition. Rothaermel, F. T. (2015).Strategic management. McGraw-Hill Education. Ruff, F. (2015). The advanced role of corporate foresight in innovation and strategic managementReflections on practical experiences from the automotive industry.Technological Forecasting and Social Change,101, 37-48. Schmidt, C. R., Farkas, F. (2016). The Profitability Puzzle: Integrating Sales and Product Development Improves Managements Ability to Control Future Profitability.STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT,21(4), 3-11. Smith, W. K. (2014). Dynamic decision making: A model of senior leaders managing strategic paradoxes.Academy of Management Journal,57(6), 1592-1623. Stead, J. G., Stead, W. E. (2013).Sustainable strategic management. ME Sharpe. Tallman, S., Koza, M. P. (2016). Strategic Animation and Emergent Processes: Managing for Efficiency and Innovation in Globally Networked Organizations. InPerspectives on Headquarters-subsidiary Relationships in the Contemporary MNC(pp. 59-85). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. toyota-global.com. (2017).toyota-global.com. Retrieved 21 August 2017, from https://www.toyota-global.com Yan, T., Choi, T. Y., Kim, Y., Yang, Y. (2015). A theory of the nexus supplier: A critical supplier from a network perspective.Journal of Supply Chain Management,51(1), 52-66

Zen Buddhism and Oneida community

Table of Contents Introduction Oneida community practices and beliefs Zen Buddhism practices and beliefs Comparison and contrasts Conclusion Introduction Various communities have emerged from religions each with its own beliefs, practices, and purpose. Examples of these communities are the Zen Buddhism and Oneida community. These two communities share certain beliefs and differ in others. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Zen Buddhism and Oneida community specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Zen community and Oneida community were formed with the objective of creating a community where people would live on earth without suffering. The founders of these two communities established the cause of suffering, and then found ways of eliminating it. Oneida community practices and beliefs The Oneida community was established by John Humphrey Noyes in the name of â€Å"free love.† Love was expressed through sexuality . Noyes was against the normal marriage because of two reasons, marriage made a woman a productive drudge and secondly, it was an obstacle to true Christian community because of the issue of staying as couples. To solve this issue, Noyes created a method where men would restrain themselves as a method of birth control and members of Oneida community had liberty to have sexual relations with the opposite gender. In addition, monogamous marriage was not allowed. Noyes stated that his teachings came from the bible. From the book of Genesis 1-3, sexuality served the purpose of expressing love and also that of recreation. However, after the fall, harmony between human beings was no more and this resulted to sufferings. As a result of this fall, human beings experienced financial struggles in catering for their families while women suffered in giving birth. Men separated from their wives in such of support for their families. The purpose of the Oneida community was to bring back the lov e that was lost between man and wife. People worked as a community for short hours, therefore reducing the burden of working. The path taken to live a life without suffering was, first, eliminating sin, shame, and then the burden of child birth.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Zen Buddhism practices and beliefs The Zen community followed Buddha’s teachings. They had many practices such as zazen, where a person sat in meditation. Through this process of meditation a person experienced harmony. During meditation, thoughts passed through the mind but did not remain there. In this state of mind, everything that a person did came from natural impulses. A person was able to fully concentrate in his actions without interactions. Koan was another practice done in Zen tradition. Koan used a question that puzzled the brain of a person. One was made to view the world in its origi nal form. To understand a koan, one focused on it without reflecting on it, interacting directly with it. The significance of koan was to bring the understanding that every person was an interdependent whole of the world. The purpose of Zen practice was enlightenment, or satori. One felt the harmony of all beings by realizing that everything was whole. Every living thing became valuable and at the same time invaluable. This enigma was understood only with consciousness rather than intellectuality. Comparison and contrasts The founders of both communities were human beings. The initiator of Buddhism was Shakyamuni. He was fully enlightened through meditation and opened ways of spirituality and liberty. The initiator of Oneida was known as John Noyes. He formed Oneida community in the name of love. They two founders had one main objective of reducing suffering in human beings. Though Zen Buddhism and Oneida community shared common values, they also differed in some beliefs. Buddhism b elieved in no supreme power. Furthermore, they did not worship Buddha. Buddhism was not a religion of God; instead it was of wisdom, insight, and kindness. Oneida community believed in God, who was the creator of the universe. Oneida community believed that salvation came through confession of sin; however, Buddhists believed that salvation and enlightenment came through meditation and taking away of defilements and illusion. Oneida community believed that there God lived separately; while Buddhists believed that Buddha was inherent in them. The Buddha did not pay attention to aspects such as the soul, life after death, or how the earth was formed. Buddhists focused on the things that existed such as birth, aging, death, suffering and how they could be eliminated from people. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Zen Buddhism and Oneida community specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The teachings of Buddha were facts of existence and the way to freedom; nirvana. The Oneida community believed in life after death, where they stated that the kingdom of heaven would come to earth. According to Buddha, life was about suffering which came from the desires of humans, and could end through the Noble Eightfold Path. Therefore, Buddha was neither negative nor positive about life. Buddha outlined ways that would liberate people from suffering. The Eightfold Path gave procedures to eliminate past mistakes, abstain from keeping any wrongs, and forming values for a good rebirth. One step in this path was to know reality perfectly. This was done through knowing the four noble truths. Every action was controlled by the mind. Therefore, the actions of people could either produce happiness or suffering. The second aspect was to have the right intention, then right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, and right mindfulness, and the eighth factor right meditation. According to John Noyes, suffering be gan with the fall of man in the Garden of Eden. From that time onwards, women suffered during child birth, while men had to toil hard to support their families. This separated men and their wives, and the love that existed before ceased. To stop this suffering, Noyes formed a community of â€Å"free love.† People worked as one, therefore reducing working hours. Men restrained themselves as a method of birth control, therefore reducing the suffering of women in child birth. Zen Buddhism and Oneida community differed in their view of birth and death. In Buddhism, a changing form of being provoked another into motion. Every good or evil deed created another personality with time which was realized after death. For freedom to occur even after death, people had to live a life without desires. A liberated person experienced an eternal, calm, and permanent state. Oneida believed in eternity which would be on earth.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion Zen community and Oneida community shared common values and differed in others. Both were formed with the intention of reducing suffering in human beings. Buddha gave teachings to its followers that acted as guidelines to a liberal life. The main idea of these teachings was to flee from desires, which was the main cause of sufferings. On the other hand, John Noyes who was the founder of Oneida community stated that suffering began with the fall of man in the Garden of Eden and this suffering would end through birth control and a complex marriage. However, the Zen and Oneida community differed in various aspects. The Zen community was non-theists, while Oneida community believed in God. The Oneida community followed biblical teachings while Zen community followed Buddha’s teachings. This essay on Zen Buddhism and Oneida community was written and submitted by user Juliet Forbes to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

enhance negotiating power essays

enhance negotiating power essays How do you enhance your negotiating power? Negotiation: Strategies for Mutual Gain, is an attempt to answer that. Negotiation: Strategies for Mutual Gain, is a collection of key ideas and process strategies about negotiating and resolving disputes more effectively. It is about breaking the paradigm of winning and losing and transforming negotiation into a search for improved solutions to problems. This book is for all people of all careers and all purposes whether at work, at home, the store or any place were Negotiations ideas prove useful. In this paper I will outline and summarize the methods and ideas of the three main parts of the book, which are: Frameworks for Effective Negotiation, Applying Mutual Gains to Organizations and Perspectives on Individual Negotiators. In part 1, chapter 1 outlines the authors Fisher and Ury techniques to negotiating; in chapter 2 it outlines Raiffas highly analytic approach to negotiating and chapter 3 outlines Strauss theories. Part 2 them es are how to apply the authors mentioned ideas of problem solving frameworks to organizations. In part 3, each of the authors discusses how the issues of individual style, perception and gender affect the process of negotiation. All of the authors offer coherent techniques and incisive ideas for readers to integrate into their own negotiation frameworks (Hall 2). I feel anyone and everyone can use these ideas of negotiation in their lives and become a better negotiator. In chapter one of part one it deals with the issue on how you negotiate and prepare to negotiate. In negotiation the way you negotiate makes all the difference in the world. Negotiation power is the ability to persuade someone to do something (4). There are many sources of negotiation power, one is having good BATNA- Best Alternative To a Negotiation power are people, interests, options and objective criteria. Developing a good working relationship between pa...

Production of tpa using eukaryotic n prokaryotic cells Essay

Production of tpa using eukaryotic n prokaryotic cells - Essay Example coli (prokaryotic). This is because of the high cost of the purification scheme required on the tPA produced from E. coli. That from the mammalian cells does not require lots of purifications because the cell environment and content is similar to that of the body cells (in vitro). tPA produced in E. coli required more purification to acquire the required state because it is composed of many components that are naturally not found with tPA in vitro conditions. The contents produced together with tPA in mammalian cells are similar to those in vitro hence are not foreign materials resulting to a less purification process. The E. coli based production process utilizes approximately sixteen purification steps (downstream) as compared to the five purification steps in CHO. Since the purification process in mammalian cells is not that complex less operating labour and supervision is required compared to the E. coli based. The CHO process utilizes nine percent of its total cost on operating labour while E. coli based utilizes twenty two percent. Also, the cost of acquiring the different purification units required for the many purification stages is higher in the E. coli based. Mammalian based process utilizes only twenty five percent of the total production cost on recovery (purification) compare to eighty eight percent on E. coli based. For the solubilization and renaturation step in the E. coli based production, approximately five tonnes of urea and twenty-six tonnes of guanidine are required. The bacteria lack efficient secretion mechanisms for tPA, therefore, the proteins are deposited as inclusion bodies. For the recovery of the proteins, a renaturation procedure is required. Since the proteins in the bacteria are produced in low concentrations (about 2.4 mg per litre) the practicability of a renaturation based production process is limited. The E. coli based production does yield to larger quantities of products that

Project environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Project environment - Essay Example In this scenario, the accomplishment of novel technology based infrastructure is intended to improve the general company as well as its operations management processes. I will present a complete outline of key tasks and areas those are considered to be problematic from the diagnosis point of view. Moreover, I will also propose the possible changes and improvements that we are able to carry out throughout new technology infrastructure. At the current time the businesses are facing a lot of problems regarding effective business projects management and reduced cycle time. In this regard, they are facing considerable delays between the project plan and actual implementation. Therefore, businesses are requiring to frequently adjusting company operations to survive in the everlasting competitive market situations. Additionally, to productively handle and manage new information and maintain it all through the corporation is critical to deal with these challenges. Thus, steady, business-wide knowledge sharing has, as a result, turned out to be essential. In this scenario, businesses apply solutions to collect, manage, and share knowledge. The most common opening application has been in the field of learning and training. Unluckily, usual classroom training plans are very time-consuming and costly to help businesses to tackle out mission-critical information quickly and competently (OneTouch, 2009). According to Efstathiades, Tassou, Antoniou, & Oxinos (1998) companies whose continued existence depends on upholding new, up to date, and well-informed business information need a flexible information sharing platform. Therefore, the business-wide knowledge sharing is one of most important factors. In scenario of latest technology implementation at a company there is need to change or update a lot of factors and business elements. In addition, there are a lot of issues involved in company management and

Patient Refusal Of Treatment Nursing Essay

Patient Refusal Of Treatment Nursing Essay I dont want to be treated, Alice Nuvo said in the scenario 6. She is a woman who was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer and that has a very low percentage of survival for another year, even with the best treatment. Just give me something to control the pain and let me go home- she said. In this scenario we will talk about autonomy, which is typically defined as self-determination and refers to the ability of competent individuals to make decisions over their own lives. In order for autonomy to be meaningful, a competent individuals decisions should be respected even when those decisions conflict with what others believe to be reasonable. Over the last few decades, respect for autonomy has come to be recognized as a fundamental principle of Bioethics. In general, a patients autonomy should be respected even if the patient decides not to follow a doctors or health care teams advice. Respect for autonomy has helped to redefine the physician-patient relationship as patients have become more active participants in making health care decisions. Traditionally, the physician played a more paternalistic role in that he/she would largely decide for the patient what the best course of action would be. But now days the patient should not be coerced into making a health care decision, meaning that the patient should not be forced against his/her wishes into making a choice. The patients decision must be voluntary. The basic starting point for ethical analysis in health care, is the encounter between the patient and the health care professional. This relationship is shaped by the goals of that encounter, both the goals that health care professional has and the goals that the patient has. The goals of medicine, which guide the goals of all health care professionals, are: to prevent, cure, slow down or arrest the development of an illness; to stabilize a satisfactory condition; or to relieve the distressing symptoms of illness. It is important to note that these goals are more than simply seeking a cure, and are certainly not focused on seeking to preserve or prolong life at all costs. It is also important to recognize that it is not necessarily possible to meet all of these goals all of the time. The other person in the encounter is the patient, who also has her or his own goals, both health and broader goals in life, as well as values and preferences. Each person forms her or his own conception of what is a good life. This means each person has the freedom to act to put the choices that arise from that conception into effect. Everyone else must respect the space a person needs in which to do this. This is the basis of autonomy. However, autonomy is not an end in itself, but a means whereby a person takes responsibility for her or his own life. In health care, autonomy can be expressed in this way: the patient is the source of the health care professionals right to treat her or him. More specifically the patient has the right to choose to accept or refuse treatment that is offered or choose between different options. The important thing to remember is that the patient will consider her or his goals in life, will act upon her or his values and preferences as well as the medical facts in making such a decision, and all of these must be respected. In many situations the patients decision is not questioned. Decisions have been challenged when the choice does not seem reasonabl e to the health care professionals or others, generally it is challenged by questioning the competence of the patient, which we are not going to question in this particular case of Alice Nuvo. A patients decision to accept or refuse life-sustaining treatment needs to come out of a reflection on the usefulness and reasonableness of such treatment. Treatment has to be reasonable, this means that it has to be effective and that the benefits need to be in proportion to the burden for the patient of undergoing the treatment. There are two aspects of the refusal of life-sustaining treatment. The goals of medicine establish the purposes of treatment. It is not always possible to meet all of the goals, and at times may only be possible to relieve the distressing symptoms of illness. It is not a goal of medicine to prolong the dying process. The second aspect of any decision to forgo treatment is the patients right to choose whether or not to accept such treatment, even if the treatment has a reasonable chance of being effective. A person who is terminally ill is someone for whom there is no further curative treatment, like Alice Nuvo has no further CURATIVE treatment. Therefore, the only goal that it may be possible to meet is that of relieving symptoms. However, the point at which treatment is ceased and the decision made to forgo resuscitation varies with each patient. One person may wish to remain alive long enough to see a grandchild married. Another person may wish to spend the last weeks of life with close family members without suffering the debilitating side effects of chemotherapy. Id rather spend the remaining time with my husband and two daughters then die in the peace, instead of puking up my guts in some hospital Alice Nuvo said. After all this being said, the fact that refusal of any life-sustaining treatment is not to be equated with a slow, passive suicide, the person is not choosing to die. Rather she or he is choosing other goals, in line with her or his conception of a good life. In each case death is accepted as a foreseen, possible side effect of such a choice, but it is not directly chosen. Decisions regarding life-sustaining treatment are complex. Such decisions made by patients are based on a balancing of the benefits and burden of any such treatment and will include the goals, values and preferences that the patient has. But sometimes doctor thinks patient is making the wrong decision, how far should he go to try to persuade her or him to accept the treatment? Patient autonomy does not allow the health care provider to make the decision for the patient, but it does allow providers to educate the patient. It requires of health care providers that they respect patients by providing accurate and complete information that gives patient understanding of positive and negative sides of treatment.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Modern Lifestyle Essay

Technology has taken unimaginable strides over the past couple of decades, affording people all around the world possibility, flexibility and, above all things, convenience in their everyday communication and overall lifestyle. It is ever-changing. Whether you’re sending a love letter, making a purchase, running a business, researching a paper, financing a house, getting in touch with your old college roommate or booking a flight to Fiji, it all comes down to one simple thing: the click of a mouse. Social Networking It’s possible in today’s world to reconnect with high school and college friends in a matter of minutes. Before the Internet came to be, it was nearly impossible to stay in touch. Unless you ran into them at your 10-year reunion, you had no idea where they were. Nowadays, in this growing culture of social networking, it’s nearly impossible not to know what they’ve had for dinner, not to mention where life has taken them. No matter how many miles stand between you, social networking has allowed both old and new friends to keep in touch from moment to moment. Opportunities to Work From Home The flexibility of working from home in your pajamas or from the beach in your bathing suit may be one of the most attractive advantages modern technology offers for some. Not only does it save you a long commute to the office, a ton of gas money and the inevitable stress of hitting rush hour traffic, but it buys you more time in the day to spend on more important matters like family and friends. Convenience in Education Getting an education is as simple these days as turning on your laptop and taking classes online. Although it’s not your traditional classroom, the kind housed with a roomful of students seated in wooden desks and a professor lecturing in the front of the room, it is nonetheless an effective alternative to a good education. Even though you may be curled up on your couch in the middle of the night with a hot mug of tea and your cat on your lap, you are, in fact, in the modern learning environment, earning your degree from home. Even high school classes are being offered online for students seeking summer school and degree programs.

Administrative Law – Paper

Administrative law simply means that the branch of public law which deals with the organization and powers of administrative and quasi administrative agencies and prescribes the principles and rules by which an official action is reached and reviewed in relation to individual liberty and freedom. Technically, from the definition it is clear to state that administrative law is bound and founded to determine the legality of the government action, the nature and scope of the powers conferred to the government official through checking abuse of administrative power.Meanwhile, the study of administrative law can be explained in broader after pondering the red light and green light theories, in which the red light theory views primarily that objective of administrative law is to consider the law and control the state power and desires to minimize the encroachments of the state on the rights of individual whereby this is monitored and controlled by judiciary.In connection to that, Green the ory relies much in operation of the state in the sense that it allows the intervention of the state in larger public interest ensuring right of citizen and well being of society as whole and this can be achieved through freedom of information, active involvement, positive deliberation, effective consultation and other similar action at the level of administration. In the same vein, the issue raised, if the means are not trustworthy, how the end could be?Just or unjust. In the light of the control mechanism discussion hereunder is considering intensively how far the means which are not trustworthy could result to unjust end. POLITICAL PARTIES; as per the political parties Act ,is defined as any organized group formed for the purpose of forming a government or local government authority within the united republic through election or for putting up or supporting candidate to such election .Now, the modern political thoughts tends to accept the notion that political parties are absolute essential to democracy so far the political parties try to crystallize many shades of opinion into one coherent policy unify many diverse element into one manageable unit. The political parties are manifested from the right of freedom of assembly as stipulated in the constitution .The political parties are mechanism to perform an important function of interest articulation, whereby an individual finds out the open channels to express their interest and needs, and also performing function of interest aggregation ,where peoples demands converted into general policy alternatives. Therefore in modern democracy ,it has always been necessary to guarantee and protect the freedom of assembly ,in that line it is one of the platform for attainment of social development and nurturing of democratic advancement in a given society.But the situation contrary to our country today, the right is restricted and its enjoyment subjected to the laws of the land, the problem comes in the course of interp retation and ,implementing the realization of this right. Experience can be drawn respectively from Tanzania, that the state limits the occupation of political parties so as to enhance the sustainability of state powers, there various laws and aspect which curtails the freedom of association for political parties and its operation . Starting with:- Cumbersome procedures for the registration of Political parties. t is a requirement of the law under political parties Act that any political party upon the request for registration must have at least 200 members from ten different region in the country. this number is too large and unrealistic especially in Tanzania where democracy is at infant stage. this provision denies the nourishment of democracy. Forinstance the denial of CCJ(chama cha jamii). Also under the same act it is provided that any political party ,by its constitution advocates the break up of union between Tanganyika and Zanzibar shall be disqualified and denied registrat ion. gain this provision limits the scope for scope discussion and will of the people towards union. The system of permanent national voters registration under the national election Act where without being registered the constitutional right to vote and being voted is vanished. in 2010,some irregularities in the system contributed good number of citizen not to vote due to typographic errors, double entry, false inclusion of alive in the list of deceased. Mere technicalities defeated the rights of citizens.Denial of independent candidate; one should not be compelled to join a political party in order to enjoy political right. the right to participate in governance of state includes right to vote and be voted. Also the practices shows that the ruling party during election used the government resources in the campaign. forinstance using of government vehicles and converting the government plans to political promises. this act are against free and fair election which is fundamental aspe ct of democracy.The role of police force; basically the police force does not guarantee the right to freedom of assembly but merely regulates the enjoyment of the right. on the ground of national security or public safety the police have the power to prohibit the assembly , however ,Lugakingira J,viewed that the law does not operate to take away the right to hold assembly or procession ‘it only empowers the police and magistrate to step in far the preservation of peace and order. but the police used such discretion power contrary even where is not necessary and sometimes used in favour of ruling party.To underscore this, refer the case of Mabere N yaucho Marando&another Vs Attorney General where it was held that ‘’in order to maintain public order and security during political rallies ,it was important for permit to be issued. however that discretionary power to issue permit had to be exercised judicially which required that all political parties get same and equa l treatment†¦ Therefore, the above means seems to be not trustworthy ,hence bars the growth of democracy which is the spirit of our constitution, and participation of people in a matter and due political process fear to face the iron bar of law enforcers.Hence this will defeat the interest of change and justice in community. ACCESS TO JUSTICE; this emanates from the cardinal principle of law that every person is equal before the law. Regardless of political stands ,religious affiliation, all should be treated alike without affording unnecessary privileges and exemption. Right to access justice is fundamental principle of rule of law. As in the case of Mwl. Paul john mhozya Vs Attorney General held that everyone and every institution or organization in this country is enjoined to pay respect to the principle of supremacy of the law.Access to justice should be devoid of undue technicalities which defeats the end of justice, the procedure of taking government to court is very cumb ersome . this is supported by the case of Peter Ng’omango Vs Gerson Mwangwa and Attorney General held that the right of an individual to have free access to the court is well recognized by constitution. the requirement of the consent of the minister before one can sue the government as imposed in section 6 of government proceeding Act infringes constitution â€Å"therefore this law is arbitrary and oppressive since it does not subjected to any control, therefore offends proportionality test.Also access to justice goes further to the speedy in dispensation of justice. As in the case of Hussanaira Kharton Vs Home Secretary State of Bihar held that delay in trial by itself constitutes denial of justice. In some circumstances citizens are denied the right o be heard ,while one has to be heard so as to access justice, failure to heard a party constitutes the violation of natural justice which is the spirit of the law. As in the case of Judge in charge of Arusha &Attorney General Vs Munuo that ‘’no one should be condemned unheard’’.On the other hand, independence of judiciary and impartiality of it determine highly the proper access and attainment of justice. But number of means such as judicial appointment, poor remuneration, and judicial infrastructures denies a number of people not to meet justice. also some enactments such as civil procedure code on the issue of security for cost and election Act on requisite for money so as to launch an appeal of election. , denies the access of justice . refer Francis ndyanabo Julius ishengoma Vs Attorney general. Therefore, justice should not be commercialized ,but should be done though heaven falls.Through easy entry to judicial system, availability of legal representation, equality before the law, our means will be trustworthy and end will be just. HIGHER ADMINISTRATIVE AUTHORITIES; These include president, ministers ,civil service, higher institutions, and boards, these bodies ought to co mply with the principle of natural justice in the course of discharging their duties. the principle are to give reason(s) for any decision made, to hear both sides. And should not be dominated with the personal interest but public interest.The failure of decision maker to take into account a relevant consideration in making administrative decision is one of the instance of abuse of power and discretion, this would entitle a party with sufficient stand to seek for judicial review of ultravires administrative actions. Now, proper procedures must be followed and decision maker not be biased. In supporting the above arguments ,the following cases are material. in the case of Mohamed Jawad Mrouch Vs Minister for home affair held that discretionary power must be exercised fairly, and this requires adherence of the rules of natural justice .Also the case of Said juma muslim shekimweri Vs Attorney General held that I this country,civil servant are dismissed for misconduct only and not pleas ure of president. and when civil servant dismissed cause must be assigned. Therefore, in the light of the case of James Gwagilo Vs Attorney General where Mwalusanya J(as he then was)held that ‘’there is no doubt that the absence of reasons would render the constitutional right of appeal and judicial review ineffective and illusionary† I have come in the view that the administrative authority must omply with legality and proportionality test. ORDINARY JURISDICTION; The matter of jurisdiction is not a mere technicality but fundamental. And independence of judiciary is the spirit of the jurisdiction of the court. by the virtue of Article 107 of constitution, the court is conferred jurisdiction to provide justice. Independence of judiciary rely on the basis of condition of service and tenure, manner of appointment of judges and discharge of their duties, and degree of stability and logistical protection against outside pressure and harassment . ut judges are appointee s of President from another pillar, remunerations comes from executive, this is ridiculous. Also application of law must be of retroactively, and each case must be adjudicated objectively and on merit and not self interest of judges, and impartiality is paramount important. Refer the case of James Bita Vs Iddi kambi held that the judiciary is an instrument of state set up to adjudicate impartiality disputes between subjects and subjects or subjects and government. Judicial officer at any level should not flinch from performing this sacred duty.Therefore ,the court should not be subjected to the means which are not trustworthy and unreliable so as to enable this temple of justice to be free and dispense justice and justice only without fear. WRIT JURISDICTION;This includes writ of mandamus,prohibition,certiorari,and habeas corpus. , as stipulated under the law reform (fatal accident and miscellaneous provision)Act . The citizen may be aggrieved with the actions and decisions of admin istrative authorities and request upon the high court to make review and issue an order which is prayed.However, the court writ jurisdiction is oustered by other laws and cause the court to remain dumb in case of the abuse of of power by public authorities. Article 41(7) enshrines that there shall be no challenge from any person and no any court shall have the power to investigate or entertain the issue of legality of president who announced by National electoral commission. The court of law is jealous of its jurisdiction ,as held in Mtenga Vs UDSM that it is trite to observe that the court is and has to be for the protection of public ,jealous of its jurisdiction and will not lightly finds its jurisdiction oustered.Also presence of undue technicalities such as one can not ask for the judicial review unless he/she has obtained leave. This mean leave could defeat the interest of justice; frankly this is not proper approach to justice. in the case of Timothy Mwakilasa Vs Principal sec retary held that it is an admitted fact that applicant has not obtained any leave from this court to make his application. That being so, the purported application is incompetent in law and this court ca not entertain it. Court of law is guardian of citizen rights and it is a temple of justice in which everyone is free to access and attain justice.The means to reach it should not be complex but smooth and trustworthy so as to arrive at the peak of justice. PUBLIC OPINION AND MASS MEDIA; This two aspects are underscored under the article 18 , and constitutes a primary element of democratic society . It cannot be conceivable without free debate and freedom of media. However the freedom of collecting and publishing newspapers,magazines,books,bulletins are hampered by the government through the laws which are not trustworthy. Minister ,in his opinion on the ground of public interest may decide to bann any newspaper in the land .Forinstance banning of Mwanahalisi newspaper. this law oust ers the jurisdiction of the court ,in which the court is jealous on it. Also according to Africa media barometer report, Tanzania communication regulatory authority(TCRA) is not entirely independent since both board chairman and director general are presidential appointees. This situation can compromise impartiality of media. Harassment and killings of the journalists;wherejournalist tend to shock the higher authority by publishing some news ,entered in hostility with the power.On February 2010,journalist Asraj mvungi and others were arrested by police officer following the order from district officials that they instigate land conflict. in connection to that ,killing of one Daud Mwangosi (journalist)draws a road towards the killing of freedom of media. And another challenge is that media is owned by politicians, tycoons and religious institution, hence editorial freedom demises. Therefore ,the laws that regulates enhancement and betterment of the media is subjected to the absolute discretion of government authorities.This is ridiculous and peril towards transparency and accountability of the government of the day. Hence,with this path the end shall not be just. As I arrive to the conclusion ,I am of the view that trustworthy means and procedures are cornerstone towards a good end, and always an end justifies the means. therefore,it is high time for us to look back on our laws making bodies and interest of justice for the purpose of modifying them. it is my humble opinion that citizen and government has to respect and adhere constitutionalism and democracy.